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The penannular, cloak pin, or open ring brooch, was a Roman and
Celtic type of clothing fastener.
Although much older in origin, penannular brooches begin to appear in
significant numbers in Britain around 200 AD and quickly gained
widespread popularity.
By 800 AD the simple utilitarian Roman style had given way to a
uniquely Celtic one, decorated with geometric and zoomorphic (animal
form) designs, done in enamel, stones, granulation, and filigree wire
work, and anything else the artist could think of.
The penannular was the origin of some of the later styles of medieval
brooches and cloak pins, including the closed ring brooch and the heart
shaped love brooch.
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